Campaign Commonsreceipts, not conclusions

Funding chain · Pennsylvania · U.S. Senate · 2024

Where THE SENTINEL ACTION FUND's money came from — and went

← Entity pageFEC committee record ↗Backward walk over 2024-cycle receipts, 1 hop deep. To the right: Schedule E payments to vendors, the ads it ran, and the candidate those dollars were aimed at.
Total receipts traced
$37M
$36,861,169
Spent on this race (Schedule E)
$1.1M
5 vendors · 0 ads · 2 candidates targeted
Visibility of traced dollars
individuals 76%organizations 5%inferable 0%not walked 0%dark 19%
Ends in 10 individual donors, 5 dark terminals, 1 business / union treasuries, 1 aggregated remainders.

Flow of money into the spender, and where it went

  • you are here — THE SENTINEL ACTION FUND, the spender this page is about
  • disclosed (FEC): individual
  • disclosed (FEC): business or union treasury
  • inferable (990, lagged)
  • not walked (FEC committee, receipts outside this race's neighborhood)
  • dark wall (no disclosure)
  • other (aggregated)
  • vendor / ad (spending side)
  • placement: solid = filed or verified · dashed = inferred
  • targeting (for / against) — no money reaches the candidate
HOP 1SPENDERPAID VENDORSTARGETEDOther contributors to THESENTINEL ACTION FUND (each…other (329 transactions aggregated)$8.9MMELLON, TIMOTHYindividual$6.0MGRIFFIN, KENNETH C.individual$4.0MRIGHT VOTE INC.$2.5MPARADIGM OPERATIONS LPnon-committee organization$2.5MMUSK, ELON$2.3MPETERFFY, THOMAS$2.0MLIAUTAUD, JAMES J.$1.5MKLINGENSTEIN, THOMAS D.individual$1.0MGRIFFIN, KENNETH C$1.0MLEON RACHEL CORPORATIONnon-committee organization$1.0MMULTICOIN CAPITAL GP LLCnon-committee organization$1.0MCHILDS, JOHN W.$775KSINGER, PAUL$750KASNESS, CLIFF$600KHERITAGE ACTION FOR AMERICAnon-committee organization$501KNOSEK CAPITAL LLC$500KTHE SENTINEL ACTION FUNDYOU ARE HERE · THE SPENDERSuper PAC$37MMAJORITY STRATEGIES LLCvendor · mail$382Kcollapse downstream−CANVASS AMERICA LLCvendor · phones$371Kcollapse downstream−CampaignHQ$301Kcollapse downstream−IMGE LLC$31Kcollapse downstream−ON MESSAGE INC.$5Kcollapse downstream−Dave McCormick$887KBob Casey$204K
Drawn: the spender, its direct sources and every node carrying at least 2% of its receipts; to the right, what the spender paid for and whom it targeted. Hover for the basics; click any node for its details and evidence, any edge for its evidence and its row in the table below.

Ribbon width is proportional to dollars; color is how the money is disclosed. Read left to right: sources → intermediaries → spender → vendors paid → ads ⇢ candidate targeted. Zoom with the buttons above the map or Ctrl/⌘ + scroll, drag to pan; plain scrolling still scrolls the page. Hover a node or edge for the basics. Click a node for its details, the evidence behind each link, and the page or record behind it; click an edge for its evidence and its row in the table below; + / − expands or folds what hangs off it.

Assumptions on the spending side. Vendor dollars are Schedule E payments as filed. Ad dollars are the midpoint of the range Google reports, not a filed figure. A vendor → ad edge is drawn only when a person verified it from a source naming both (solid), or the vendor was the only digital vendor the spender paid in the week before and while the ad ran (dashed, inferred). FEC does not record which buy placed which ad, so an ad with no such link hangs off the spender alone; vendors merely paid in that window are named on the ad's page as a sentence, never drawn as an edge. Targeting edges never carry money to the candidate.

Every edge, with its record — receipts, then spending

Method. Backward walk over money edges only (Schedule A receipts from individuals and organizations, committee-to-committee transfers) into THE SENTINEL ACTION FUND, 1 hop(s) deep; independent expenditures are targeting edges and never appear. The walk starts from $36,861,169 of itemized 2023–2024 receipts as loaded from FEC bulk data (unitemized receipts, loans and offsets are not edges), and every expanded committee conserves dollars: its inbound edges sum to its receipts. Inbound edges under 1% of a committee's receipts are rolled into one 'other contributors' node, which counts as disclosed except for the organization dollars inside it. Each dollar takes the visibility of where the walk stopped: named individuals (including earmarks through ActBlue/WinRed, attributed to the person) are disclosed to a person. Organizations that are not registered committees are classified from their name alone (no IRS lookup): a union or a business giving from its own treasury is disclosed to an organization — the named entity is the source, but its own funders are not walked; an LLC, trust, advocacy nonprofit (501(c)(4)-style names) or unclassifiable organization is dark, because whoever funds it is not on file with the FEC. The disclosed share is reported in total and split into the part that resolves to people and the part that stops at a named business or union. Visibility shares are preliminary; no 990 lookups were performed, so nothing is marked inferable. Spending side (right of the spender): Schedule E payments to vendors are money edges; vendor → ad and spender → ad edges are placement (no dollars) and carry the evidence basis they were drawn on; edges into a candidate are targeting (for/against) and never carry money to the candidate. Ad dollars are the midpoint of the Google-reported spend range.