Campaign Commonsreceipts, not conclusions

Donor record · Pennsylvania · U.S. Senate · 2024

Where MANDEL, SUSAN Z.'s money went

individualFEC receipts under this name ↗Forward walk over 2024-cycle money edges, ending at independent expenditures in this race.
Given to committees shown
$2.6M
$2,631,700
Committees given to
4
first hop
Outside spenders reached
2
in this race
Independent expenditures
3
targeting edges · 8 nodes

Amounts past this donor's own gifts are the reported totals between the two parties, not this donor's share. Once money is pooled in a committee it is fungible, so how much of it reached any spender or ad is not determinable.

Forward walk

Solid rows are money edges (the reported total between the two parties, not this donor's share). Dashed amber rows are independent expenditures: they name a candidate but move no money to them.

Ads run by committees in this walk

Ads are attached to a committee because Google's advertiser name matched its FEC registration. Ads ran alongside these money edges; the dollar figures past the donor's own gifts are the reported totals between the two parties, not this donor's share, and say nothing about which dollars paid for which ad.

Money and positions are shown side by side because they are public records about the same person. Proximity is not causation; we make no claim that any contribution produced any action.

Method. Forward walk over the same money edges as the chain walk (Schedule A receipts and committee-to-committee transfers from FEC bulk data, refunds excluded), starting from MANDEL, SUSAN Z.: the 4 committee(s) it gave to in the 2024 cycle, then the outside spenders in this race that received transfers from those committees (2 spender(s) reached), then each spender's independent expenditures for or against a candidate. Independent expenditures are targeting edges: they move no money to the candidate and are drawn separately. Amounts on money edges are the reported totals between the two parties, not a share of this donor's dollars — once pooled, a donor's money is fungible, so no allocation is made past the first hop. `total_given` is the sum of the first-hop edges shown (itemized receipts reported under this name); `total_in_chains`, used only to rank donors, sums this donor's edges across every spender chain in the race, so the same gift counts once per chain it appears in.

Generated Sep 6, 2026.